Canada has reached a milestone—a population of 40 million. While this number might seem large, it pales in comparison to global superpowers. In a world where economic and political influence depends heavily on population size, Canada faces a choice: grow stronger or risk becoming geopolitically insignificant.
Over the past decade, Canada has significantly increased immigration levels, bringing in skilled workers, entrepreneurs, and families. This trend is expected to continue, with projections indicating that Canada could reach 100 million residents by 2100. But what does this mean for the country, and is it truly prepared for such rapid expansion?
The Push for 100 Million Canadians
Several experts and institutions have long advocated for a much larger population. The Century Initiative, backed by business and academic leaders, has been vocal about increasing Canada’s population to 100 million by 2100. The argument is simple: larger populations create stronger economies, greater innovation, and more political influence.
Historically, population growth has been tied to Canada’s sovereignty. The government in the early 20th century focused on populating the western provinces to solidify control over the land. Today, the reasoning remains similar. A larger, more developed Canada can better defend its interests, diversify its economy, and reduce its dependence on a single trading partner.
Challenges in Housing and Infrastructure
While population growth brings economic benefits, it also exposes existing weaknesses. One of the most pressing concerns is housing affordability. With an annual immigration target of 500,000, demand for housing has surged, pushing prices higher across major cities. Yet, Canada continues to build homes at the same rate as it did in the 1970s, despite having nearly twice the population. According to the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), an additional 3.5 million homes are needed by 2030 just to restore affordability.
Beyond housing, Canada’s infrastructure is struggling to keep up. Public transit systems in major cities remain slow and overcrowded, intercity travel options are limited, and many rural communities lack basic connectivity. Investments in high-speed rail between Toronto and Montreal could help ease congestion, yet these projects remain in the early planning stages.
Strengthening Canada’s Global Position
A larger Canada is not just about economics; it’s also about security and sovereignty. With growing threats in the Arctic and an increasingly unpredictable global landscape, Canada must invest in its military and technological capabilities. Historically, Canada has played a significant role in global affairs, but its ability to project power has declined.
A stronger defense policy, strategic infrastructure investments, and diversified trade agreements would allow Canada to stand on its own. While the United States has been a reliable ally, recent political shifts suggest that Canada cannot afford to rely solely on its southern neighbor for protection and economic stability.
Making Immigration a National Strength
Canada has long been a destination for skilled professionals, but immigration must be managed in a way that benefits both newcomers and existing residents. Addressing housing shortages, improving public services, and fostering economic opportunities will ensure that Canada remains an attractive and sustainable place to live. The world is changing, and Canada must change with it. A larger, more resilient Canada can secure its place on the global stage, ensuring economic prosperity and geopolitical stability for generations to come.
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