The debate over Canadian immigration is intensifying, and Alberta has moved to the centre of the conversation. Premier Danielle Smith has directed the provincial Jobs Minister, Joseph Schow, to explore all legal avenues to give Alberta more influence over its immigration system.

At the heart of this move is a concern: how can Alberta balance its need for skilled newcomers with the employment prospects of young Canadians and the strain on essential services like healthcare and education? This blog explores the issue, the political debate, and what it means for the future of immigration in Canada.

Alberta’s Mandate for Change

In her mandate letter, Premier Smith stressed that Canada immigration policies must “ensure Canadian citizens have first access to job opportunities.” She also raised concerns that young Albertans are losing out to temporary foreign workers (TFWs).

Minister Schow echoed this sentiment, stating that Ottawa has ignored Alberta’s feedback on immigration and that his ministry would use provincial authority to protect economic and social priorities.

However, specific legal strategies to achieve this shift have not yet been outlined.

The Constitutional Context

Canada’s Constitution gives both federal and provincial governments jurisdiction over immigration. Provinces already participate through agreements like the Alberta Advantage Immigration Program (AAIP), which lets them nominate candidates for permanent residence who meet labour market needs.

Yet, the federal government has the final say. Last year, Ottawa reduced provincial allocations, with Alberta allowed to nominate around 6,400 newcomers in 2025, compared to nearly 10,000 in 2024. This cutback has fuelled provincial frustration and sharpened the call for more autonomy.

The Political Divide

The push for greater provincial control has sparked debate across Canada:

• Alberta Government’s View: More authority is needed to manage growth, protect jobs for locals, and reduce strain on services like schools and hospitals.
• Immigration Advocates’ Response: Critics argue the language fuels negative perceptions about newcomers, ignoring their vital role in sectors like healthcare, agriculture, and construction.
• Experts’ Analysis: Economists highlight that Canada’s economy is deeply reliant on immigrants, especially to address skill shortages and demographic decline.

Labour Market Realities

Reports show an increasing number of young immigrants facing unemployment, but experts caution against blaming immigration alone. Rising automation, wage shifts, and cuts to seasonal employment also contribute.

At the same time, many employers depend on newcomers to fill critical roles that Canadians are not lining up to take. For example:

• Healthcare: Thousands of internationally trained doctors and nurses support Alberta’s system.
• Agriculture and Trades: Immigrants keep food supply and infrastructure projects moving forward.

Without immigration, these sectors would face even greater shortages.

Public Reaction and Debate

The Alberta Next Panel, launched to gather public feedback, has stirred controversy. Some proposals, like restricting healthcare for newcomers not approved by Alberta, have drawn criticism. The Association of Alberta Immigrant Serving Agencies has published resources to counter myths and highlight facts, such as:

• 60% of newcomers admitted are economic immigrants.
• 23% arrive for family reunification.
• 14% are refugees, and 3% for humanitarian reasons.

This breakdown shows that immigration serves multiple priorities beyond just the labour market.

What This Means for Applicants

For those planning to move to Canada, especially through Canada immigration pathways in Alberta, here’s what to expect:

• Policy Shifts: Nomination criteria may change—language scores, eligible occupations, or education requirements could be adjusted.
• Fewer Nominee Spaces: With reduced federal allocations, competition may intensify.
• More Scrutiny: Expect closer review of work permits and TFW applications.

Applicants must stay informed and adapt quickly to evolving policies.

How ImmigCanada Can Support You

At a time of uncertainty, having expert support is crucial. ImmigCanada can help by:

• Guiding you through Alberta’s AAIP and federal immigration streams.
• Reviewing documents to reduce risk of delays or refusals.
• Keeping you updated on new nomination rules, work permit changes, and IRCC announcements.
• Maximising your chances of success by aligning your profile with the province’s priorities.

With expert advice, you can navigate these changes and still achieve your dream of settling in Alberta or elsewhere in Canada.

The debate over who controls Canada’s immigration is far from over. Alberta’s push highlights the tension between provincial needs and federal authority. While politics play out, prospective immigrants should stay focused, prepare stronger applications, and seek trusted advice.

Canada continues to depend on newcomers for growth, innovation, and resilience. With the right planning and support, opportunities in Alberta and across the country remain open.